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Miniconda is a lightweight version of Anaconda that helps you quickly install Python and various packages, making it more suitable for beginners to run AI programs than the full Anaconda.

This tutorial will guide you step-by-step on how to install Miniconda on Windows 10 using the official download address, configure a Python 3.10 environment, and install some commonly used modules. Don't worry, even if you have no prior experience, you can easily get it done!

Step 1: Download and Install Miniconda ​

  1. Download Miniconda

  2. Install Miniconda

    • Double-click the downloaded file to open the installation window.

    • Click "Next," then agree to the license agreement (click "I Agree").

    • Important: On the "Advanced Options" page, check Add Miniconda3 to my PATH environment variable to use the conda command directly. Otherwise, you will encounter the error conda is not recognized as an internal or external command, operable program or batch file.

    • Note: Some computers may warn against adding it to PATH, but ignore the warning and check the box. This is a common pitfall for beginners; without it, the commands will not work later.

  • Click "Install" and wait a few minutes. Once completed, click "Finish."

Step 2: Verify Installation and Create a Python 3.10 Virtual Environment ​

  1. Open the Command Prompt (CMD)

    • Press the Windows key + R on your keyboard to open the "Run" window.
    • Enter cmd and press Enter to open the black command prompt window.

  2. Check if Miniconda is installed successfully

    • Enter the following command in the command prompt: conda --version Press Enter. If it displays something like conda 25.1.1, the installation was successful.

If it says "not recognized as an internal or external command," it means you didn't add the environment variable. Reinstall and check Add Miniconda3 to my PATH environment variable. 3. Create a Python 3.10 virtual environment

  • Enter the following command in the command prompt: conda create -n myai python=3.10
  • myai is the name of the environment; you can name it anything you like (e.g., ai_env).
  • After pressing Enter, the system will download Python 3.10 and some basic packages. During the process, it will ask "Y/N". Enter y and press Enter to continue the installation.

  1. Activate the virtual environment
    • Enter: conda activate myai Press Enter. If (myai) appears before the command line, you have successfully entered the environment.

  1. Common Virtual Environment Commands
    • Exit the environment: Enter conda deactivate and press Enter. The (myai) will disappear when you have exited.
    • View all environments: Enter conda env list to see a list of the environments you have created.
    • Delete an environment (if you don't need it): Enter conda env remove -n myai to delete it.

Step 3: Use pip to Install Modules and requirements.txt ​

  1. Make sure you are in the virtual environment

    • Enter conda activate myai and confirm that the command line shows (myai).

  2. Install a commonly used module as a test

    • For example, install numpy (a mathematical calculation tool that many AI software require): pip install numpy Press Enter. After downloading and installing, you can check the version using python -c "import numpy; print(numpy.__version__)".

  3. Install requirements.txt

    • If your AI software provides a requirements.txt file (listing the required packages), copy it to a folder (e.g., a new "AIProject" folder on your desktop).
    • Enter the folder and delete the content in the folder address bar, enter cmd and press Enter to open the terminal window:

  • Then enter: pip install -r requirements.txt Press Enter, and it will automatically install all the packages listed in the file.

Step 4: Common pip Commands and Troubleshooting ​

  1. Common pip Commands

    • Check pip version: pip --version to see if it's the latest version.
    • Update pip: If the version is old, enter pip install --upgrade pip to update.
    • List installed packages: pip list to see what you have installed.
    • Uninstall a package: For example, pip uninstall numpy to remove it if you don't need it.

  2. Common Errors and Solutions

    • Network errors (slow download or failure):

      • It could be a network issue; try again a few times or use a domestic mirror for faster downloads: pip install -r requirements.txt -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple

    • Permission errors (Access Denied):

      • Run CMD as an administrator: Right-click the "Start" menu, select "Command Prompt (Admin)," and try the command again.

    • Dependency conflicts (incompatible versions):

      • If you get a conflict message, try updating pip (pip install --upgrade pip) and then reinstalling. If that doesn't work, ask the software author for the recommended versions.

    • Command not valid:

      • If pip is not working, enter python -m ensurepip and python -m pip install --upgrade pip to fix it.

Now Miniconda is installed, the Python 3.10 environment is configured, and you can install various required packages. If your AI software has running instructions (e.g., python run.py), enter the corresponding command in the virtual environment (with (myai) in the command line) to give it a try.