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Today, AI is like an ever-present assistant: chatting, writing articles, coding, and even helping with learning and work. But have you ever encountered these awkward situations?

  • AI's responses are completely off-topic?
  • The content it gives you is messy and disorganized?
  • The generated output is too vague and unusable?

Don't worry—these issues are often not the AI's fault, but because your "prompts" aren't powerful enough.

What Is a Prompt? ​

Simply put, a prompt is what you say to the AI, telling it "what to do" and "how to do it." A great prompt usually has four "magic ingredients":

  • Instruction: What do you want the AI to do?
  • Context: What background information does the AI need?
  • Output Format: What kind of result do you want?
  • Role: What persona should the AI adopt?

Master these four techniques, and you'll be able to command AI as easily as conducting an orchestra!

1. Instruction: Be Clear, Not Vague! ​

What Is an Instruction?

An instruction is the task you assign to the AI, such as:

  • "Help me summarize the key points of this article."
  • "Write a short popular science article on the history of artificial intelligence."

But here's the catch: not just any command will do!

What Makes a Great Instruction?

❌ Poor instructions look like this:

  • "Write an article."
  • "Make a small game."
  • "Come up with a good name."

These are too vague—the AI gets confused and has no idea what you really want.

✅ Great instructions look like this:

  • "Write a 1,000-word article on how AI helps doctors diagnose diseases, targeting middle school students, with simple and engaging language."
  • "Create a 3D Snake game that runs in a web browser, with smooth graphics and keyboard controls."
  • "Suggest 3 names for my AI writing tool—creative, memorable, and highlighting the theme."

See? Clear and specific instructions get the AI to deliver exactly what you need!

2. Context: Provide More Details, So the AI Understands You Better ​

What Is Context?

Context is the "inside information" the AI needs to do its job, such as your draft paper, company data, or relevant reference materials.

For example:

  • "Here's our company's sales data for the past three years; analyze how to increase sales."
  • "I've written a draft of an AI research paper; help me polish it and add academic citations."

Context can be provided by you or come from previous conversations with the AI.

Why Is Context So Important?

The AI isn't a mind reader. Without background, it can only guess, leading to off-target results. For instance, if you say, "Help me write a resume," the AI doesn't know if you're a programmer or a chef—how can it not mess up? But if you tell it:

  • Your experience (education, work projects)
  • What job you're targeting (e.g., programmer aiming for a big tech company)

The AI can tailor a fantastic resume just for you!

How to Make Context More Effective?

  • Think about what information the task requires and provide it all to the AI.
  • Ask the AI, "What else do you need to write this?"
  • Share a sample or example to let the AI understand your preferences.

3. Output Format: Tell the AI How to Deliver the Result ​

Output format refers to what you want the final result to look like. For example:

  • "List this information in a table with three columns: date, event, impact."
  • "Write a 500-word summary divided into three sections: introduction, key points, conclusion."
  • "Write in Markdown format with level-1 headings, level-2 headings, and numbered lists."

What Are Some Common and Useful Formats?

  • Text: Markdown, CSV, JSON
  • Diagrams: Flowcharts, mind maps
  • Code: Python, JavaScript, etc.
  • Formulas: LaTeX math format

How to Be Clearer?

  • Give an example: Show the template you want directly.
  • Specify how each part should be written.
  • Use simple structures (like pseudocode) to tell the AI how to format it.

For example, if you want JSON: "Generate JSON like this:

{
  "title": "Article Title",
  "content": [
    {
      "heading": "Level-1 Heading",
      "paragraph": "Content Paragraph"
    }
  ]
}

The AI gets it immediately and delivers perfectly!

4. Role: Add Some "Character" to the AI ​

A role is the persona the AI adopts while working. You can skip it, but adding a role makes the AI more professional and considerate.

For example:

  • "You are a senior programmer; help me optimize this code."
  • "You are a psychological counselor; analyze my issues in a gentle tone."
  • "You are a Socratic teacher; use questions to help me understand AI."

What Are the Benefits of a Role?

  • Lets the AI know from what perspective to think.
  • Leverages its "expertise" in specific areas.

Comprehensive Example: Combine All Four Techniques for Perfect Results! ​

Check out this complete prompt:

Task: Write a summary of AI applications in healthcare.  
"You are a science writer who loves explaining tech in plain language (role).  
Using the following two paper abstracts as material (context),  
write an article under 500 words that middle school students can understand (output format),  
make it simple and fun, and include at least two examples of how AI helps doctors diagnose faster (instruction)."

With this, the AI can immediately deliver the "homework" you want!

Remember these four techniques, and you'll be unstoppable:

  • ✅ Make instructions clear and specific
  • ✅ Provide ample context
  • ✅ Specify the output format clearly
  • ✅ Set the role appropriately

@宝玉